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CCB. Artículos indexados en Scopus

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Effect of exogenus protease on performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal histomorphometric, meat quality characteristics, carcass yield in broilers fed low protein diets

Duque Ramirez, Carlos Felipe | 2023

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of increasing doses of protease on broilers from 1 to 42 days of age. A total of 1290 Ross AP broilers were used, distributed among five treatments: positive control diet, negative control diet (NC), NC + 50 ppm of protease, NC + 100 ppm of protease, and NC + 200 ppm of protease. Each treatment contained six replicates of 43 animals each. The inclusion of proteases in the diet had effects (P < 0.05) on body weight, feed intake, weight gain, and feed conversion in the 12 to 21 day period; body weight, weight gain, and feed intake in the 29 to 42 day period; nutrient digestibility (energy metabolizability coefficient and crude protein at 28 days); and intestinal parameters (crypt and muscle width of jejunum and ileum at 28 days and villus length, crypt length, and jejunum thickness muscle layer at 42 days). These results indicate that the inclusion of protease in broiler feed can improve production parameters when the amount of crude protein in the diet is reduced

Digestibility of diets with dehydrated citrus pulp for fattening rabbits

Rubio Varela, Juliana | 2023

El estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar las composición nutricional y digestibilidadin vitro en conejos de un alimento peletizado usando pulpa cítrica como sustituto de unalimento convencional. Se utilizaron 24 conejos adultos (>80 días) distribuidos en cuatrotratamientos (0, 10, 20 y 30%) con seis repeticiones. El periodo experimental fue de 12 días(7 para el periodo de adaptación y 5 para la colecta de heces). La pulpa de naranjapresentó 7.4% de proteína bruta (PB), 14.9% de fibra cruda (FC), 3.8% de extracto etéreo,5.1% de materia mineral, 4308 kcal/kg de energía bruta y 385.76 mg de polifenoles por 100 gde pulpa cítrica. Los niveles de PB disminuyeron a medida que aumentaba el nivel deinclusión de la pulpa cítrica (16.77 a 17.85%), mientras que el porcentaje de digestibilidadde la materia seca aumentó con mayores niveles de inclusión de pulpa.Se concluye quese puede incluir hasta 30% de pulpa cítrica en la alimentación de conejos como sustitutodel concentrado comercial sin afectar la digestibilidad de los nutrientes.

Post-infection recovery time by COVID-19, in civil servants, from a Colombian Private University

Campos Guzman, Nelson Rolando | 2023

Objetivo: Estimar el tiempo de recuperación de los funcionarios de una Universidad infectados por COVID 19 en el periodo de marzo 2020 a junio 2021. Materiales y métodos: Se efectuó un estudio observacional en la cual participaron 63 funciona-rios confirmados con COVID-19, se caracterizaron a través de la anamnesis y valoración física post- infección con el método de bioimpedancia y el cuestionario internacional de actividad física (IPAQ). El análisis de los datos se hizo en el paquete estadístico Stata 19.0 para Windows. Resultados: la edad promedio fue de 42 años, el 54% pertenecen al sexo femenino, el estrato socioeconómico de mayor prevalencia fue el 3 con un 52%, un 44% de los participantes tienen alguna alteración en el peso corporal, y un porcentaje proteico bajo en un 54%. Conclusión: El tiempo medio de recuperación de los funcionarios posterior a la infección por COVID 19 fue de 10 días, se identificaron y ratificaron factores que impactan en el tiempo de recuperación como lo es la edad mayor a 60 años, el nivel socioeconómico 1,2 y 3, el porcentaje bajo de proteína y el porcentaje elevado de grasa

In vitro evaluation of the anthelmintic activity of methanolic extracts of Guazumaulmifolia against Cyathostominae nematodes

Castro Martinez, Paula Andrea | 2023

The study evaluated the anti-hatching effect of methanolic extracts from the bark and leaf of Guazuma ulmifolia using the in vitro Nematode Egg Hatching Inhibition test. Concentrations of 1000, 500 and 250 µg/ml of each extract, a negative control (Dimethyl sulfoxide) and two positive controls (Fenbendazole and Lugol) were evaluated against nematodes of the Cyathostominae subfamily as a biological model. The three concentrations of the two extracts, as well as the two positive controls showed statistically similar results, but different compared to the negative control. The mean inhibition of egg hatching using bark and leaf was 49.73 and 45.22%, respectively, at the 1000 µg/ml concentration, 61.93 and 59.20% at the 500 µg/ml concentration, and 75.60 and 75.82% at the concentration of 250 µg/ml. The methanolic extracts of the bark and leaf of Guazuma ulmifolia showed an anti-hatching effect against Cyathostominae nematodes at the concentrations tested

Past, present, and future of a tropical sounds collection from Colombia

Mendoza-Henao, Angela M. | 2023

Digital bioacoustic collections preserve important behavioural and ecological traits, as well as trackable evidence of the presence of species in space and time. Well-structured and open-source repositories provide valuable information for science and biodiversity conservation. Here, we introduce the Environmental Sound Collection – ‘Mauricio Álvarez-Rebolledo’ (Colección de Sonidos Ambientales IAvH-CSA) at Instituto Humboldt in Colombia, which is one of the most relevant natural sound repositories in South America. The collection was founded in 1998 as ‘Banco de Sonidos Animales (BSA)’ to document Colombian biodiversity and guide conservation actions, two aims that remain at the forefront of our daily work. After over 25 years, the collection has preserved more than 25,000 audio specimens from over 1,300 species. Here, we highlight the value of sound collections by presenting a historical overview of our collection and providing examples of its role in research and outreach. We also identify taxonomic and geographical gaps that need to be filled, analyse the impact of new technological advances on sound collections, and discuss the critical role of acoustics in the future of research and biodiversity conservation programmes.

Symbolic consumption as a non-traditional predictor of brand loyalty in the sports industry, football club segment

Guzmán Rincón, Alfredo | 2023

Brand loyalty is one of the main objectives of marketing, due to its impact on the sustainability of organisations; however, the explanation of how this type of loyalty is built in the sports industry is complex, due to the way it is organised. Traditionally, brand loyalty in this industry has been explained by satisfaction, service quality, commitment and trust, thus other variables that have been analysed from the marketing field have not been included in the models developed for the sports industry. The aim of this article was to explore the relationship between symbolic consumption as a non-traditional predictor of brand loyalty in the sports industry, more specifically in the football club segment. For this purpose, a quantitative cross-sectional study was defined, with a non-probabilistic sampling. To test the proposed relationship, modelling by means of partial least squares structural equations was chosen. The results showed that symbolic consumption is positively related to brand loyalty in the sports industry in the football club segment, with a large effect size. This study becomes a starting point for scholars who wish to further explore the relationship between symbolic consumption and brand loyalty in the context of sport. Likewise, for marketing professionals in the sports industry, it suggests the importance of symbolic consumption for the design of strategies that enable the creation of brand loyalty in consumers in the case of football clubs. In this sense, marketing professionals should seek to create advertising and promotional campaigns that appeal to strengthen the relationship of the sports consumer with their social groups based on the actual and ideal self-concept, as lifestyle.

Heat stress promotes adaptive physiological responses and alters mrna expression of ruminal epithelium markers in Bos taurus indicus cattle fed low- or high-energy diets

Meneses, Javier A. M. | 2023

This research aimed to evaluate the impact of temperature and energy status on the thermal indices, physiological parameters, and ruminal papilla mRNA expression levels of Zebu beef heifers (Bos taurus indicus). In this trial, we used six ruminal-cannulated Nellore females. The experimental design was a 6 × 6 Latin square, with six treatments and six periods. The research used a 2 × 2 + 2 factorial scheme. The arrangement comprised: two thermal conditions [thermoneutrality (TN; 21.6 ◦C) or heat stress (HS, 34 ◦C)]; two dietary energy levels (low or high-energy); and two additional treatments, with heifers exposed to the TN, but pair-fed with females exposed to HS (PFTN). For our purposes, body temperature, heart and respiratory rates were measured and the relative mRNA expression was quantified using the PCR-RT technique. Compared to TN or PFTN, the HS increased the body temperature measurements in the morning and evening (p ≤ 0.04). Heart rate was 22% greater for heifers under HS than for TN (p < 0.01) and 13% higher for those under HS than PFTN (p = 0.03) in the morning. Respiratory rates increased with HS exposure compared to TN or PFTN (p < 0.01). Heifers submitted to HS and fed low-energy diets had and tended to have lower caspase 3 (CASP3, p <i=></i> 0.001) and sodium-glucose cotransporter type 1 (SGLT1; p = 0.17) mRNA expressions, respectively. Heat-stressed heifers fed low-energy diets also increased the putative anion transporter (PAT1; p ≤ 0.01) mRNA expressions by 60%. Heifers under HS-fed high-energy diets had greater kallikrein-related peptidase (KLK) 9 expressions (p = 0.02), while KLK10 (p = 0.11) tended to be up-regulated in heifers in TN-fed a low-energy diets. In conclusion, heat stress down-regulated the mRNA expression of rumen markers related to short-chain fatty acids transport and pH modulation

Neuroeducation and neurorehabilitation in the neurosurgical patient: programs to be developed in Latin America and the Caribbean

Ortega Sierra, Michael G. | 2022

Sin resumen

Developing Anti-Babesia bovis Blood Stage Vaccines: A New Perspective Regarding Synthetic Vaccines

Cuy Chaparro, Laura | 2023

Bovine babesiosis is caused by the Apicomplexa parasites from the genus Babesia. It is one of the most important tick-borne veterinary diseases worldwide; Babesia bovis being the species associated with the most severe clinical signs of the disease and causing the greatest economic losses. Many limitations related to chemoprophylaxis and the acaricides control of transmitting vectors have led to the adoption of live attenuated vaccine immunisation against B. bovis as an alternative control strategy. However, whilst this strategy has been effective, several drawbacks related to its production have prompted research into alternative methodologies for producing vaccines. Classical approaches for developing anti-B. bovis vaccines are thus discussed in this review and are compared to a recent functional approach to highlight the latter’s advantages when designing an effective synthetic vaccine targeting this parasite.

Características anatómicas del conducto cístico en una muestra de cadáveres del anfiteatro de una institución universitaria en Bogotá Colombia

Quijano, Yobany | 2023

Introducción. En comparación con otros países, los estudios sobre características anatómicas del conducto cístico son escasos. Objetivo. Describir las características anatómicas del conducto cístico en una muestra de 60 especímenes cadavéricos en Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo analítico transversal donde se empleó y diseco el conducto cístico de 60 bloques digestivos humanos. Resultados. Siguiendo la clasificación de Taybi, se encontraron variaciones con implantación alta (75%), baja (25%), en espiral anterior (1.6%), espiral posterior (1.6%), conducto cístico accesorio (1.6%) y doble conducto cístico (3.2%). En cuanto a las dimensiones del conducto cístico este presentó una longitud promedio de 19.4mm y un diámetro promedio de 3.3mm. Las características anatómicas usuales fueron similares a las reportadas en la literatura. Conclusiones. La anatomía usual está presente en el 92% de los casos y las variantes anatómicas en el 8%. La longitud y el diámetro del conducto cístico están dentro del promedio reportado en la literatura.

Plasmodium falciparum rhoptry neck protein 4 has conserved regions mediating interactions with receptors on human erythrocytes and hepatocyte membrane

Pulido-Quevedo, Fredy A. | 2023

Plasmodium falciparum-related malaria represents a serious worldwide public health problem due to its high mortality rates. P. falciparum expresses rhoptry neck protein 4 (PfRON4) in merozoite and sporozoite rhoptries, it participates in tight junction-TJ formation via the AMA-1/RON complex and is refractory to complete genetic deletion. Despite this, which PfRON4 key regions interact with host cells remain unknown; such information would be useful for combating falciparum malaria. Thirty-two RON4 conserved region-derived peptides were chemically synthesised for determining and characterising PfRON4 regions having high host cell binding affinity (high activity binding peptides or HABPs). Receptor-ligand interaction/binding assays determined their specific binding capability, the nature of their receptors and their ability to inhibit in vitro parasite invasion. Peptides 42477, 42479, 42480, 42505 and 42513 had greater than 2% erythrocyte binding activity, whilst peptides 42477 and 42480 specifically bound to HepG2 membrane, both of them having micromolar and submicromolar range dissociation constants (Kd). Cell-peptide interaction was sensitive to treating erythrocytes with trypsin and/or chymotrypsin and HepG2 with heparinase I and chondroitinase ABC, suggesting protein-type (erythrocyte) and heparin and/or chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan receptors (HepG2) for PfRON4. Erythrocyte invasion inhibition assays confirmed HABPs’ importance during merozoite invasion. PfRON4 800–819 (42477) and 860–879 (42480) regions specifically interacted with host cells, thereby supporting their inclusion in a subunit-based, multi-antigen, multistage anti-malarial vaccine

Some stability and strong convergence results for the algorithm with perturbations for a T-Ciric quasicontraction in CAT(0) spaces

Calderón Sanchez, Kenyi | 2023

In this paper, we establish the stability and strong convergence theorems, for the three-step iteration with perturbations for a T-Ciric quasicontraction, in the environment of the CAT(0) space. Finally, an application to the integral-type contraction and an example are shown

Diagnóstico y manejo actual de la acalasia

Forero-Vásquez, Bryan Nicolás | 2023

Introducción. La acalasia es un trastorno motor del esófago poco común, de etiología no clara, caracterizado por la pérdida de relajación del esfínter esofágico inferior, pérdida del peristaltismo normal, regurgitación y disfagia. Métodos. Se realizó una revisión narrativa de la literatura en revistas científicas y bases de datos en español e inglés, con el fin de presentar información actualizada en lo referente al diagnóstico y tratamiento de esta patología. Resultado. Se presenta la actualización de los criterios de los trastornos motores esofágicos según la clasificación de Chicago (CCv4.0) para el diagnóstico de acalasia y sus subtipos de acuerdo con los nuevos criterios, así como los tratamientos actuales. Conclusión. La acalasia es un trastorno esofágico multimodal, con manifestaciones de predominio gastrointestinal, por lo que su diagnóstico y abordaje terapéutico oportuno es esencial para mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes.

Estimates, trends, and drivers of the global burden of type 2 diabetes attributable to PM2·5 air pollution, 1990–2019: an analysis of data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Burkart, Katrin | 2022

Background Experimental and epidemiological studies indicate an association between exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution and increased risk of type 2 diabetes. In view of the high and increasing prevalence of diabetes, we aimed to quantify the burden of type 2 diabetes attributable to PM2·5 originating from ambient and household air pollution. Methods We systematically compiled all relevant cohort and case-control studies assessing the effect of exposure to household and ambient fine particulate matter (PM2·5) air pollution on type 2 diabetes incidence and mortality. We derived an exposure–response curve from the extracted relative risk estimates using the MR-BRT (meta-regression— Bayesian, regularised, trimmed) tool. The estimated curve was linked to ambient and household PM2·5 exposures from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019, and estimates of the attributable burden (population attributable fractions and rates per 100000 population of deaths and disability-adjusted life-years) for 204 countries from 1990 to 2019 were calculated. We also assessed the role of changes in exposure, population size, age, and type 2 diabetes incidence in the observed trend in PM2·5-attributable type 2 diabetes burden. All estimates are presented with 95% uncertainty intervals. Findings In 2019, approximately a fifth of the global burden of type 2 diabetes was attributable to PM2·5 exposure, with an estimated 3·78 (95% uncertainty interval 2·68–4·83) deaths per 100 000 population and 167 (117–223) disabilityadjusted life-years (DALYs) per 100000 population. Approximately 13·4% (9·49–17·5) of deaths and 13·6% (9·73–17·9) of DALYs due to type 2 diabetes were contributed by ambient PM2·5, and 6·50% (4·22–9·53) of deaths and 5·92% (3·81–8·64) of DALYs by household air pollution. High burdens, in terms of numbers as well as rates, were estimated in Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, and South America. Since 1990, the attributable burden has increased by 50%, driven largely by population growth and ageing. Globally, the impact of reductions in household air pollution was largely offset by increased ambient PM2·5. Interpretation Air pollution is a major risk factor for diabetes. We estimated that about a fifth of the global burden of type 2 diabetes is attributable PM2·5 pollution. Air pollution mitigation therefore might have an essential role in reducing the global disease burden resulting from type 2 diabetes

Musculoskeletal symptomatology in postharvest workers of a flower farm in Cundinamarca

Orozco Vásquez, Margarita María | 2022

Objetivos: Los síntomas musculoesquelético son una de las principales causas de perdida de la capacidad laboral y ausentismo en el mundo del trabajo. Los trabajadores de cultivo de flores están predispuestos a sufrirlas debido a la naturaleza de su trabajo. El Objetivo fue identificar la sintomatología musculoesquelética en los diferentes segmentos corporales. Material y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo con enfoque cuantitativo, la población fueron 135 trabajadores del área de postcosecha de un cultivo de flores ubicado en un municipio aledaño a la ciudad de Bogotá; se aplicaron 2 instrumentos, una encuesta de caracterización sociodemográfica y el cuestionario Nórdico Estandarizado. Resultados: Los segmentos corporales con presencia de síntomas fueron, la muñeca derecha 34%, espalda alta 32%, baja 27%, pies y tobillos 26%. El 99% de los rabajadores, atribuye su sintomatología músculo esquelética a la actividad laboral

The economic well-being of nations is associated with positive daily situational experiences

Gardiner, Gwendolyn | 2023

People in economically advantaged nations tend to evaluate their life as more positive overall and report greater well-being than people in less advantaged nations. But how does positivity manifest in the daily life experiences of individuals around the world? The present study asked 15,244 college students from 62 nations, in 42 languages, to describe a situation they experienced the previous day using the Riverside Situational Q-sort (RSQ). Using expert ratings, the overall positivity of each situation was calculated for both nations and individuals. The positivity of the average situation in each nation was strongly related to the economic development of the nation as measured by the Human Development Index (HDI). For individuals’ daily experiences, the economic status of their nation also predicted the positivity of their experience, even more than their family socioeconomic status. Further analyses revealed the specific characteristics of the average situations for higher HDI nations that make their experiences more positive. Higher HDI was associated with situational experiences involving humor, socializing with others, and the potential to express emotions and fantasies. Lower HDI was associated with an increase in the presence of threats, blame, and hostility, as well as situational experiences consisting of family, religion, and money. Despite the increase in a few negative situational characteristics in lower HDI countries, the overall average experience still ranged from neutral to slightly positive, rather than negative, suggesting that greater HDI may not necessarily increase positive experiences but rather decrease negative experiences. The results illustrate how national economic status influences the lives of individuals even within a single instance of daily life, with large and powerful consequences when accumulated across individuals within each nation.

Adjuvants approved for human use: What do we know and what do we need to know for designing good adjuvants?

Reyes, César | 2023

Adjuvants represent one of the most significant biotechnological solutions regarding vaccine development, thereby broadening the amount of candidates which can now be used and tested in vaccine formulations targeting various pathogens, as antigens which were previously discarded due to their low or null immunogenicity can now be included. Adjuvant development research has grown side-by-side with an increasing body of knowledge regarding immune systems and their recognition of foreign microorganisms. Alum-derived adjuvants were used in human vaccines for many years, even though complete understanding of their vaccination-related mechanism of action was lacking. The amount of adjuvants approved for human use has increased recently in line with attempts to interact with and stimulate the immune system. This review is aimed at summarising what is known about adjuvants, focusing on those approved for use in humans, their mechanism of action and why they are so necessary for vaccine candidate formulations; it also discusses what the future may hold in this growing research field

Unusual presentation of melanoma during the puerperium

Lamus, Sergio | 2023

El objetivo del artículo es describir las manifestaciones clínicas y el enfoque diagnóstico realizado en una paciente que presentó un melanoma durante el puerperio.

Current and Future Climate Extremes Over Latin America and Caribbean: Assessing Earth System Models from High Resolution Model Intercomparison Project (HighResMIP)

Avila Diaz, Alvaro Javier | 2023

Extreme temperature and precipitation events are the primary triggers of hazards, such as heat waves, droughts, floods, and landslides, with localized impacts. In this sense, the finer grids of Earth System models (ESMs) could play an essential role in better estimating extreme climate events. The performance of High Resolution Model Intercomparison Project (HighResMIP) models is evaluated using the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDI) over the 1981–2014 period and future changes (2021–2050) under Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP5–8.5, over ten regions in Latin America and the Caribbean. The impact of increasing the horizontal resolution in estimating extreme climate variability on a regional scale is first compared against reference gridded datasets, including reanalysis, satellite, and merging products. We used three different groups based on the resolution of the model’s grid (sg): (i) low (0.8° ≤ sg ≤ 1.87°), (ii) intermediate (0.5° ≤ sg ≤ 0.7°), and (iii) high (0.23° ≥ sg ≤ 0.35°). Our analysis indicates that there was no clear evidence to support the posit that increasing horizontal resolution improves model performance. The ECMWF-IFS family of models appears to be a plausible choice to represent climate extremes, followed by the ensemble mean of HighResMIP in their intermediate resolution. For future climate, the projections indicate a consensus of temperature and precipitation climate extremes increase across most of the ten regions. Despite the uncertainties presented in this study, climate models have been and will continue to be an important tool for assessing risk in the face of extreme events

A New Flavanone from Chromolaena tacotana (Klatt) R. M. King and H. Rob, Promotes Apoptosis in Human Breast Cancer Cells by Downregulating Antiapoptotic Proteins

Mendez, Gina | 2023

Chromolaena tacotana is a source of flavonoids with antiproliferative properties in human breast cancer cells, the most common neoplasm diagnosed in patients worldwide. Until now, the mechanisms of cell death related to the antiproliferative activity of its flavonoids have not been elucidated. In this study, a novel flavanone (3′,4′-dihydroxy-5,7-dimethoxy-flavanone) was isolated from the plant leaves and identified by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS). This molecule selectively inhibited cell proliferation of triple-negative human breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 whit IC50 values of 25.3 μg/mL and 20.8 μg/mL, respectively, determined by MTT assays with a selectivity index greater than 3. Early and late pro-apoptotic characteristics were observed by annexin-V/7-AAD detection, accompanied by a high percentage of the Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic protein inactivated and the activation of effector Caspase-3 and/or 7 in breast cancer cells. It was verified the decreasing of XIAP more than Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic proteins expression, as well as the XIAP/Caspase-7 and Bcl-2/Bax complexes dissociation after flavanone treatment. Docking and molecular modeling analysis between the flavanone and the antiapoptotic protein XIAP suggests that the natural compound inhibits XIAP by binding to the BIR3 domain of XIAP. In this case, we demonstrate that the new flavanone isolated from leaves of Chomolaena tacotana has a promising and selective anti-breast cancer potential that includes the induction of intrinsic apoptosis by downregulation of the anti-apoptotic proteins XIAP and Bcl-2. New studies should deepen these findings to demonstrate its potential as an anticancer agent.