Now showing items 1-10 of 10

Carcass and meat quality of Nellore cattle (Bos taurus indicus) belonging to the breeding programs

Malheiros, Jéssica Moraes; Enriquez Valencia, Elena; Silva Josineudson, Augusto Ii Vasconcelos; De Oliveira, Henrique; Curi, Rogerio Abdallah; Albuquerque, L. G.; Chardulo, Luis Artur (2020)

The objective of this study was to estimate and describe phenotypic traits for carcass and meat quality in Nellore cattle belonging to the breeding programs. Data from 718 Nellore animals participated in the Delta Gen, CRV ...
Comparing Class II MHC DRB3 Diversity in Colombian Simmental and Simbrah Cattle Across Worldwide Bovine Populations

Ordoñez, Diego; Bohórquez Abreo, Michel David; Avendaño, Catalina; Patarroyo, Manuel-Alfonso (2022)

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) exerts great influence on responses to infectious diseases and vaccination due to its fundamental role in the adaptive immune system. Knowledge about MHC polymorphism distribution ...
Economic values for index improvement of dual-purpose Simmental cattle

Amaya, Alejandro; Garrick, Dorian; Martínez, Rodrigo; Cerón Muñoz, Mario (2020)

he selection index methodology is the best approach to increase profit in animal production by genetic selection due to the use of economic values for breeding goals. The aim of this study was to derive economic values ...
Experimental intoxication of Brahman (Bos indicus) heifers with Enterolobium cyclocarpum fruits

Lozano, María C.; Roa, Leonardo; Moreno, Carlos A.; Verján García, Noel; Doncel, Benjamín (2022)

Enterolobium cyclocarpum is a poisonous plant distributed throughout the Americas. The E. cyclocarpum fruits have high toxic potential for cattle in Colombia and the clinical signs and pathological lesions are ill-defined. ...
Genetic evaluations in cattle using the single-step genomic best linear unbiased predictor

Martínez Amaya, Alejandro; Sarmiento Martínez, Rodrigo; Cerón Muñoz, Mario Fernando (2020)

Las evaluaciones genéticas convencionales han estado enmarcadas en la estimación de valores genéticos a partir de los sistemas de ecuaciones de modelos mixtos que consideran efectos aleatorios y fijos simultáneamente. En ...
Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II (DRB3) Genetic Diversity in Spanish Morucha and Colombian Normande Cattle Compared to Taurine and Zebu Populations

Bohórquez, Michel David; Ordoñez, Diego; Suárez, Carlos F.; Vicente, Belén; López Abán, Julio; Muro, Antonio; Ordóñez, Iván; Patarroyo, Manuel A. (2020)

Bovine leukocyte antigens (BoLA) have been used as disease markers and immunological traits in cattle due to their primary role in pathogen recognition by the immune system. A higher MHC allele diversity in a population ...
Population structure and genetic diversity in Colombian Simmental cattle

Amaya, Alejandro; Martínez, Rodrigo Alfredo; Cerón Muñoz, Mario Fernando (2020)

A vital requirement to design and implement a breeding program is to know the structure and genetic diversity of a population. The aim of this study was to characterize population structure and genetic diversity of the ...
Preliminary study of ivermectin residues in bovine livers in the Bogota Savanna

Celis Giraldo, Carmen Teresa; Ordóñez, Diego; Roa, Leonardo; Cuervo Escobar, Sergio Andrei; Garzón Rodríguez, Dajane; Alarcón Caballero, Milena; Merchán, Luisa Fernanda (2020)

The present study tended to determine the ivermectin residues in cattle livers using the competitive ELISA technique and correlate gender and age variables with residual presence. Also, it was described the histopathological ...
Selection indexes to optimise genetic and economic progress in Colombian Blanco Orejinegro cattle

Amaya, Alejandro; López Parra, Laura Camila; Ramirez, Julián (2022)

The use of selection indexes optimises genetic and economic gains in a population. The objective of this study was to propose and compare selection indexes built with economic and statistical methodologies in Colombian ...
Transcriptome profile in the skeletal muscle of cattle progeny as a function of maternal protein supplementation during mid-gestation

Carvalho, Elisa; Costa, Thaís C.; Sanglard, Leticia P.; Nascimento, Karolina B.; Moreno Meneses, Javier Andrés; Galvão, Matheus C.; Serão, Nick V.L.; Duarte, Marcio S.; Pies Gionbelli, Mateus (2022)

This study aimed to evaluate the differentially expressed genes (DEG), their biological functions, and the main predictor genes in skeletal muscle of the offspring resulting from dams supplemented or not with protein during ...

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Carcass and meat quality of Nellore cattle (Bos taurus indicus) belonging to the breeding programs
...
Malheiros, Jéssica Moraes | 2020

The objective of this study was to estimate and describe phenotypic traits for carcass and meat quality in Nellore cattle belonging to the breeding programs. Data from 718 Nellore animals participated in the Delta Gen, CRV Paint and Nelore Qualitas breeding programs were used. Meat quality traits were measured and the data were analyzed. The following means and standard deviations of the meat quality traits were obtained: shear force (SF = 5.7 ± 1.3 kg), myofibril fragmentation index (MFI = 32.0 ± 15.3), cooking loss (CL = 27.7 ± 3.1%), intramuscular lipid content (ILC = 0.9 ± 0.5%), backfat thickness (BFT = 4.2 ± 1.4 mm), marbling score (MS = 2.6 ± 0.36), rib eye area (REA = 72.8 ± 7.35 cm2) and instrumental color (lightness (L* = 27.9 ± 2.7), redness (a* = 12.4 ± 1.86), yellowness (b* = 5.5 ± 1.0)). Significant phenotypic correlations were observed between BFT and MS (0.2314), and between MS and ILC (0.1308). A negative and significant correlation was found between SF and MFI (-0.5525); however, the correlation with MFI was low in animals with SF values higher than 6 kg. In principal component analysis (PCA), the first four eigenvalues of the matrix of direct additive genetic variance explained 61.26% of the total additive genetic variance in the meat quality traits. The most important meat quality traits in PC1 were a*, b* and CL. PC2 was characterized by MFI and color (a* and b*), PC3 by MS, BFT and L* and PC4 by ILC, L* and b*. Furthermore, BFT was positively associated with MS, SF and CL, and SF was negatively associated with MFI. The present study suggests that muscle growth and backfat thickness were satisfactory; however, intramuscular fat deposition and meat tenderness still require more attention from the breeding programs.

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Comparing Class II MHC DRB3 Diversity in Colombian Simmental and Simbrah Cattle Across Worldwide Bovine Populations
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Ordoñez, Diego | 2022

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) exerts great influence on responses to infectious diseases and vaccination due to its fundamental role in the adaptive immune system. Knowledge about MHC polymorphism distribution among breeds can provide insights into cattle evolution and diversification as well as population-based immune response variability, thus guiding further studies. Colombian Simmental and Simbrah cattle’s BoLA-DRB3 genetic diversity was compared to that of taurine and zebuine breeds worldwide to estimate functional diversity. High allele richness was observed for Simmental and Simbrah cattle; nevertheless, high homozygosity was associated with individual low sequence variability in both the β1 domain and the peptide binding region (PBR), thereby implying reduced MHC-presented peptide repertoire size. There were strong signals of positive selection acting on BoLA-DRB3 in all populations, some of which were poorly structured and displayed common alleles accounting for their high genetic similarity. PBR sequence correlation analysis suggested that, except for a few populations exhibiting some divergence at PBR, global diversity regarding potential MHC-presented peptide repertoire could be similar for the cattle populations analyzed here, which points to the retention of functional diversity in spite of the selective pressures imposed by breeding.

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Economic values for index improvement of dual-purpose Simmental cattle
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Amaya, Alejandro | 2020

he selection index methodology is the best approach to increase profit in animal production by genetic selection due to the use of economic values for breeding goals. The aim of this study was to derive economic values through a deterministic bio-economic model in order to construct an economic selection index for dual-purpose Simmental cattle. Phenotypic, genetic and economic information from the Colombian Simmental genetic evaluation were used in this investigation to design a base production system. The economic values for weight at eight months of age, age at first calving, first lactation milk yield and first calving interval were obtained by calculating the partial derivatives of farm profit with respect to each trait, the relative economic importance for each trait was 43.45, 15.29, 5.33 and 35.93%, respectively. By increasing the selection index by one dollar, the milk yield contributed the most to genetic gain with an increase of 10.36 L, while the lowest genetic gain was found for the weight at eight months of age with an increase of 0.088 kg. The milk yield had the greatest economic contribution worth 0.642 dollar for each USD of increase in the index. The economic values and the final selection index provided favorable genetic and economic progress for milk, beef and reproductive traits in Simmental cattle under tropical conditions. Likewise, estimated economic values can be used to make decisions on the selection of foreign bulls to similar Simmental production systems.

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Experimental intoxication of Brahman (Bos indicus) heifers with Enterolobium cyclocarpum fruits
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Lozano, María C. | 2022

Enterolobium cyclocarpum is a poisonous plant distributed throughout the Americas. The E. cyclocarpum fruits have high toxic potential for cattle in Colombia and the clinical signs and pathological lesions are ill-defined. To begin address this issue, twelve Brahman heifers were administered E. cyclocarpum fruits and the evolution of clinical signs were recorded. Blood was collected to establish biochemical and hematological parameters. Animals were euthanized between 4 and 15 days after the initial dose was given, and tissue samples were routinely processed and stained by Hematoxylin-Eosin. The severity of clinical signs and tissue lesions were correlated with the dose of E. cyclocarpum fruits. Clinical signs included fever, tachypnea, sialorrhea, jaundice, tympanism, and diarrhea. Skin lesions were consistent with photosensitization. Hematological and biochemical tests showed increased hematocrit, neutropenia, increased serum fibrinogen, elevated hepatic enzymes and azotemia. Histology revealed panlobular cytoplasmic vacuolization and extensive foci of necrosis in the liver. The skin, fore-stomach, abomasum and intestine revealed microcirculatory, inflammatory and ulcerative changes. Protein casts and tubular epithelium vacuolization were found in kidney. Depending on the toxicosis intensity, it is concluded that E. cyclocarpum fruits may cause two clinical and pathological forms of poisoning in Brahman heifers. First, a severe intoxication at repeated exposition with high (20 g/kg/d) or low (10 g/kg/d) dose that affected the digestive and tegumentary systems and the kidney. Second, a mild to moderate form with a single low dose (10 g/kg/d) that affected in lower grades the same systems/organs.

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Genetic evaluations in cattle using the single-step genomic best linear unbiased predictor
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Martínez Amaya, Alejandro | 2020

Las evaluaciones genéticas convencionales han estado enmarcadas en la estimación de valores genéticos a partir de los sistemas de ecuaciones de modelos mixtos que consideran efectos aleatorios y fijos simultáneamente. En los últimos años, el desarrollo de tecnologías de secuenciación del genoma ha permitido obtener información genómica que puede ser incluida en las evaluaciones genéticas para incrementar las confiabilidades y el progreso genético, así como para disminuir el intervalo generacional. El mejor predictor lineal insesgado en una etapa es una metodología que incluye información genómica, reemplazando la matriz de parentesco por una matriz que combina el parentesco por pedigrí y el parentesco genómico de una población genotipada, permitiendo la estimación de valores genéticos para animales no genotipados. El objetivo de este artículo de revisión fue la descripción de la metodología y sus recientes avances, así como conocer algunas de las estrategias que podrían ser llevadas a cabo cuando el número de animales genotipados es bajo.

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Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II (DRB3) Genetic Diversity in Spanish Morucha and Colombian Normande Cattle Compared to Taurine and Zebu Populations
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Bohórquez, Michel David | 2020

Bovine leukocyte antigens (BoLA) have been used as disease markers and immunological traits in cattle due to their primary role in pathogen recognition by the immune system. A higher MHC allele diversity in a population will allow presenting a broader peptide repertoire. However, loss of overall diversity due to domestication process can decrease a population’s peptide repertoire. Within the context of zebu and taurine cattle populations, BoLA-DRB3 genetic diversity in Spanish Morucha and Colombian Normande cattle was analyzed and an approach to estimate functional diversity was performed. Sequence-based typing was used for identifying 29, 23, 27, and 28 alleles in Spanish Morucha, Nariño-, Boyacá-, and Cundinamarca-Normande cattle, respectively. These breeds had remarkably low heterozygosity levels and the Hardy-Weinberg principle revealed significant heterozygote deficiency. FST and DA genetic distance showed that Colombian Normande populations had greater variability than other phenotypically homogeneous breeds, such as Holstein. It was also found that Spanish Morucha cattle were strongly differentiated from other cattle breeds. Spanish Morucha had greater divergence in the peptide-binding region regarding other cattle breeds. However, peptide-binding region covariation indicated that the potential peptide repertoire seemed equivalent among cattle breeds. Despite the genetic divergence observed, the extent of the potential peptide repertoire in the cattle populations studied appears to be similar and thus their pathogen recognition potential should be equivalent, suggesting that functional diversity might persist in the face of bottlenecks imposed by domestication and breeding.

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Population structure and genetic diversity in Colombian Simmental cattle
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Amaya, Alejandro | 2020

A vital requirement to design and implement a breeding program is to know the structure and genetic diversity of a population. The aim of this study was to characterize population structure and genetic diversity of the Colombian Simmental cattle. The pedigree file included 27,985 animals born from 1975 to 2017. The level of genetic diversity and breed structure was evaluated through probabilities of gene origin expressed via effective number of founders, ancestors and founders genomes. The inbreeding rates and the degree of genetic connectivity were estimated using a regression analysis and a genetic drift variance analysis, respectively. The lowest effective number of founders and ancestors were 50 and 38 by year, respectively. The average inbreeding by year of birth decreased from 5.06% in 1980 to 2.25% in 2017. The dairy line genetic contributions in the overall population increased significantly in the last 37 years, and the beef line contribution decreased. Regarding the genetic connectivity, Colombian regions (administrative divisions) with the largest cattle population had higher values. The results indicate that the availability of European and North American bulls contributes to genetic diversity by increasing the effective number of founders over time in the Colombian Simmental cattle population. However, the intensive use of relatively few founders causes an unbalanced genetic contribution and the loss of genetic diversity by gene pool erosion.

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Preliminary study of ivermectin residues in bovine livers in the Bogota Savanna
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Celis Giraldo, Carmen Teresa | 2020

The present study tended to determine the ivermectin residues in cattle livers using the competitive ELISA technique and correlate gender and age variables with residual presence. Also, it was described the histopathological findings in analyzed samples. A total of 90 livers of randomly selected cattle were sampled in a type II slaughterhouse located in the Bogota Savanna. The samples were analyzed for ivermectin residues using the competitive ELISA technique and a histopathological evaluation was performed using the H&E technique. Only the 22 % (20/90) of the analyzed samples presented ivermectin residues. Of the positive individuals, the majority came from Cogua 35 % (7/20), Zipaquira 30 % (6/20) and Sopo 20 % (4/20). The breeds with residues presence corresponded to Half-Blood 35 % (7/20), Zebu 25 % (5/20), Normande 20 % (4/20) and Jersey x Holstein 15 % (3/20). Eighty five, 85 % (17/20) of the individuals were older than 1.5 yr. In regard to the gender variable, the majority of animals were males 65 % (13/20). Of the evaluated animals 3 % (3/90) exceeded the maximum residue limit (> 100 ppb). No association was found between the presence of residues and the gender and age variables (P>0.05). The majority of histopathological changes were mild or moderate, with alterations in architecture and inflammatory changes standing out. It was found association between the presence of residue and variables microcirculatory alteration, inflammatory alteration and changes similar to the cell death (P<0.05). As a conclusion, the competitive ELISA test used in this study served as a screening method for the detection ivermectin residues in the analyzed samples.

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Selection indexes to optimise genetic and economic progress in Colombian Blanco Orejinegro cattle
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Amaya, Alejandro | 2022

The use of selection indexes optimises genetic and economic gains in a population. The objective of this study was to propose and compare selection indexes built with economic and statistical methodologies in Colombian Creole Blanco Orejinegro breed. Genetic, phenotypic and economic information of the breed were used to design and test the selection indexes. The weights of each selection criteria (weight at 24 months of age, age at first calving, calving interval) were estimated using phenotypic variances, eigenvectors from a principal component analysis and economic values obtained through a deterministic bio-economic model. The selection criteria with the highest weight was weight at 24 months of age, with values of 0.56 and 0.034 USD using eigenvectors and phenotypic variance, respectively. The calving interval had the highest weight using the bio-economic model, with a value of -1.3 USD. The greatest profit due to genetic selection was obtained using the economic values as weights, which increased the average expected profit to a value of 18.76 USD/cow/year. The selection indexes calculated from phenotypic and eigenvectors do not rank animals similarly to the economic selection index. It could generate less genetic and economic progress in the national selection programme for the Blanco Orejinegro breed.

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Transcriptome profile in the skeletal muscle of cattle progeny as a function of maternal protein supplementation during mid-gestation
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Carvalho, Elisa | 2022

This study aimed to evaluate the differentially expressed genes (DEG), their biological functions, and the main predictor genes in skeletal muscle of the offspring resulting from dams supplemented or not with protein during mid-gestation. From 100 to 200 days of gestation, 10 Tabapuã cows pregnant of males were assigned to one of two treatments: Control [(CON) - supply of basal diet achieving 5.5% of crude protein (CP); n = 6]; or Supplemented [(SUP) - basal diet plus a supplement with 40% of CP provided at the level of 3.5 g/kg of body weight; n = 4]. Muscle samples were collected from the progeny at 260d of postnatal age to RNA-seq, Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment, and Random Forest (RF) analyses. A total of 310 DEG (q-value < 0.05) were identified for the effect of diet, being 187 and 123 genes down-regulated and up-regulated in the SUP diet, respectively. Within the SUP up-regulated genes, were genes related to insulin receptor signaling pathway (LOC107131843) and apoptosis regulation (KRT18, KRT8 and KRT19). While the enriched GOs terms are implicated in mitochondrial metabolism through the overrepresentation of the GO terms microtubule polymerization or depolymerization (GO:0031109, GO:0046785) and positive regulation of cellular component biogenesis (GO:0044089). Moreover, RF analysis revealed predictor genes related to the skeletal muscle development, including genes that participates in the PI3K/Akt pathways (PITPNA), myoblast proliferation (ALKBH1) and differentiation (CDK5R1 and miR-206). In conclusion, maternal protein supplementation during mid-gestation positively affected the energy metabolism and favored the hypertrophic processes of the skeletal muscle of the offspring.

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Browsing CCB. Artículos indexados en Scopus by Subject "Ganado bovino"

Carcass and meat quality of Nellore cattle (Bos taurus indicus) belonging to the breeding programs ﻿

Comparing Class II MHC DRB3 Diversity in Colombian Simmental and Simbrah Cattle Across Worldwide Bovine Populations ﻿

Economic values for index improvement of dual-purpose Simmental cattle ﻿

Experimental intoxication of Brahman (Bos indicus) heifers with Enterolobium cyclocarpum fruits ﻿

Genetic evaluations in cattle using the single-step genomic best linear unbiased predictor ﻿

Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II (DRB3) Genetic Diversity in Spanish Morucha and Colombian Normande Cattle Compared to Taurine and Zebu Populations ﻿

Population structure and genetic diversity in Colombian Simmental cattle ﻿

Preliminary study of ivermectin residues in bovine livers in the Bogota Savanna ﻿

Selection indexes to optimise genetic and economic progress in Colombian Blanco Orejinegro cattle ﻿

Transcriptome profile in the skeletal muscle of cattle progeny as a function of maternal protein supplementation during mid-gestation ﻿

Envíos recientes

Carcass and meat quality of Nellore cattle (Bos taurus indicus) belonging to the breeding programs

Comparing Class II MHC DRB3 Diversity in Colombian Simmental and Simbrah Cattle Across Worldwide Bovine Populations

Economic values for index improvement of dual-purpose Simmental cattle

Experimental intoxication of Brahman (Bos indicus) heifers with Enterolobium cyclocarpum fruits

Genetic evaluations in cattle using the single-step genomic best linear unbiased predictor

Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II (DRB3) Genetic Diversity in Spanish Morucha and Colombian Normande Cattle Compared to Taurine and Zebu Populations

Population structure and genetic diversity in Colombian Simmental cattle

Preliminary study of ivermectin residues in bovine livers in the Bogota Savanna

Selection indexes to optimise genetic and economic progress in Colombian Blanco Orejinegro cattle

Transcriptome profile in the skeletal muscle of cattle progeny as a function of maternal protein supplementation during mid-gestation

Carcass and meat quality of Nellore cattle (Bos taurus indicus) belonging to the breeding programs

Comparing Class II MHC DRB3 Diversity in Colombian Simmental and Simbrah Cattle Across Worldwide Bovine Populations

Economic values for index improvement of dual-purpose Simmental cattle

Experimental intoxication of Brahman (Bos indicus) heifers with Enterolobium cyclocarpum fruits

Genetic evaluations in cattle using the single-step genomic best linear unbiased predictor

Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II (DRB3) Genetic Diversity in Spanish Morucha and Colombian Normande Cattle Compared to Taurine and Zebu Populations

Population structure and genetic diversity in Colombian Simmental cattle

Preliminary study of ivermectin residues in bovine livers in the Bogota Savanna

Selection indexes to optimise genetic and economic progress in Colombian Blanco Orejinegro cattle

Transcriptome profile in the skeletal muscle of cattle progeny as a function of maternal protein supplementation during mid-gestation