Estudio sobre prevalencia de hemoparásitos y factores de riesgo asociados a las infecciones en pequeños rumiantes del nordeste de Colombia
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Torres Sotelo, María Camila | 2020-11
Haemoparasite diseases are directly related with the distribution of vectors as ticks, tabanids and sucking flies which transmit pathogens as Anaplasma spp, Babesia spp y Trypanosoma spp. Haemoparasites in small ruminant productions cause a decrease in animal performance, high rates of morbidity and mortality, and high treatment costs (Benavides y Betancur, 2012). This cross-sectional study estimated and assessed the prevalence and risk factors associated to haemoparasites (Anaplasma spp, Babesia spp, Trypanosoma spp) in small ruminants at traditional breeding systems starting at the samples were collected in small ruminants (793 sheeps y 245 goats) randomly selected (n = 1039) from 48 farms located in northeast Colombia during the year 2017. As a diagnostic method is blood smear as well as a standardized survey to obtain information about possible risk factors. The association analysis was performed using logistic regression models univariate and multivariable, calculated the odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence interval (C.I.). The overall prevalence in small ruminants was 1,73% (C.I: 1.06 – 2.69) and negative results for Babesia spp and Trypanosoma spp. Sheeps showed a higher prevalence, of 2,09% (C.I: 1.24 – 3.34%) than goats 0,72% (C.I: 0.027 – 2.74%). As risk factors associated with infection by Anaplasma spp identified as risk factors to males OR = 5.724 (C.I: 2.2 – 14.7), breed Pelibuey OR = 8.302 (C.I: 1.1 – 62.6), weaning animals older than two months OR = 4.965 (C.I: 1.1 – 21.7), close contact with poultry OR = 5.682 (C.I: 1.3 – 24.8), canines and felines OR = 4,357 (C.I 0.9 – 19.0), direct disposal of excreta on the environment OR = 4.149 (C.I: 1.1 – 14.4) and lack of disinfection of accommodation OR = 7.267 (C.I: 1.6 – 31.7). The results of this estudy support the presence of Anaplasma spp and risk factors associated to small ruminants in northeast Colombia.
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