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Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II (DRB3) Genetic Diversity in Spanish Morucha and Colombian Normande Cattle Compared to Taurine and Zebu Populations

Bohórquez, Michel David; Ordoñez, Diego; Suárez, Carlos F.; Vicente, Belén; López Abán, Julio; Muro, Antonio; Ordóñez, Iván; Patarroyo, Manuel A. (2020)

Bovine leukocyte antigens (BoLA) have been used as disease markers and immunological traits in cattle due to their primary role in pathogen recognition by the immune system. A higher MHC allele diversity in a population ...
Prevalencia de Mycoplasma spp., en fincas lecheras del altiplano Boyacense (Colombia)

Andrade Becerra, Roy José; Caro Carvajal, Zonya; Pulido Medellín, Martin; López Cepeda, Michael (Bogotá : Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales, 2014, 2014-07)

This paper had as objective the isolation of different bacteria, which cause mastitis and, simultaneously, make emphasis on the differentiation of Mycoplasma species, taken from stored milk samples and individual cows. The ...
Strategies for reducing methane emissions from ruminants

Lascano, Carlos E; Carulla, Juan E.; Vargas, Juan De Jesús (2011)

There is irrefutable evidence that human activities are affecting the global climate through the production of Green House Gases (GHG) of which methane (CH4) has a high warming potential. Enteric fermentation and manure ...
Trade-offs between ecosystem services and alternative pathways toward sustainability in a tropical dry forest region

Mora, Francisco; Balvanera, Patricia; García Frapolli, Eduardo; Castillo, Alicia; Trilleras, Jenny M.; Cohen Salgado, Daniel; Salmerón, Oscar (2016)

The design of strategies aimed at sustainable resource management requires an understanding of the trade-offs between the ecosystem services at stake, to determine appropriate ways in which to navigate them. We assess ...

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Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II (DRB3) Genetic Diversity in Spanish Morucha and Colombian Normande Cattle Compared to Taurine and Zebu Populations
...
Bohórquez, Michel David | 2020

Bovine leukocyte antigens (BoLA) have been used as disease markers and immunological traits in cattle due to their primary role in pathogen recognition by the immune system. A higher MHC allele diversity in a population will allow presenting a broader peptide repertoire. However, loss of overall diversity due to domestication process can decrease a population’s peptide repertoire. Within the context of zebu and taurine cattle populations, BoLA-DRB3 genetic diversity in Spanish Morucha and Colombian Normande cattle was analyzed and an approach to estimate functional diversity was performed. Sequence-based typing was used for identifying 29, 23, 27, and 28 alleles in Spanish Morucha, Nariño-, Boyacá-, and Cundinamarca-Normande cattle, respectively. These breeds had remarkably low heterozygosity levels and the Hardy-Weinberg principle revealed significant heterozygote deficiency. FST and DA genetic distance showed that Colombian Normande populations had greater variability than other phenotypically homogeneous breeds, such as Holstein. It was also found that Spanish Morucha cattle were strongly differentiated from other cattle breeds. Spanish Morucha had greater divergence in the peptide-binding region regarding other cattle breeds. However, peptide-binding region covariation indicated that the potential peptide repertoire seemed equivalent among cattle breeds. Despite the genetic divergence observed, the extent of the potential peptide repertoire in the cattle populations studied appears to be similar and thus their pathogen recognition potential should be equivalent, suggesting that functional diversity might persist in the face of bottlenecks imposed by domestication and breeding.

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Prevalencia de Mycoplasma spp., en fincas lecheras del altiplano Boyacense (Colombia)
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Andrade Becerra, Roy José | 2014-07

This paper had as objective the isolation of different bacteria, which cause mastitis and, simultaneously, make emphasis on the differentiation of Mycoplasma species, taken from stored milk samples and individual cows. The animals and the milk were provided by farms from the Boyaca ́s high altitude plateau. The process was carried out through a convenience probabilistic sampling and also a descriptive, longitudinal and retrospective research, during 2010 and 2012. The researches took into account 30 technically managed milking farms, each with approximately 50 milking cows. Streptococcus agalactiae was isolated from 9.1%, being the most detected pathogen. The mean Staphylococcus aureusisolates was of 6.6%. Mycoplasma bovis was not found in any sample during the three year period of the research, while M californicum was recovered from 14 samples (1.5%) during this time lapse and M. alcalescens was detected in 31 samples (3%). Acholeplasma spp. was isolated from 19 samples (1.4%). This research corresponds to first report of Mycoplasma spp. Isolation from milk samples at the Altiplano Boyacense Colombia.

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Strategies for reducing methane emissions from ruminants
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Lascano, Carlos E | 2011

There is irrefutable evidence that human activities are affecting the global climate through the production of Green House Gases (GHG) of which methane (CH4) has a high warming potential. Enteric fermentation and manure from ruminants represent about 30 to 40% of the total anthropogenic CH4 emissions. This paper summarizes existing technologies to reduce enteric CH4 emissions in ruminants given emphasis to dietary and rumen manipulation, animal selection/ breeding and improvement of production systems. Differences in enteric CH4 production among animal species based on anatomy of the GI tract, digestive physiology, rumen fermentation and grazing habits are also discussed. Inhibition of enteric CH4 emission is possible through the use of ionophores, organic acids and oils. Feeding plants containing secondary metabolites (i.e. tannins and saponins) can reduce CH4 production. Breeding for improved feed conversion efficiency (lower residual feed intake) is likely to reduce total and per unit product CH4 emissions. Results using the IPCC Tier II model predict that goats and high producing dairy cattle can potentially produce less CH4 emissions per unit of milk than Cebu cattle or sheep, while small ruminants (goats and sheep) produce less CH4 per unit of live weight gain (meat) than cattle. The introduction of improved high quality forages and the implementation of efficient pasture utilization practices (grazing system and stocking rate) can result in most cases in improved animal production and in increased absolute CH4 emissions, but in reduced CH4 per unit of animal product.

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Trade-offs between ecosystem services and alternative pathways toward sustainability in a tropical dry forest region
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Mora, Francisco | 2016

The design of strategies aimed at sustainable resource management requires an understanding of the trade-offs between the ecosystem services at stake, to determine appropriate ways in which to navigate them. We assess trade-offs between forage production for cattle ranching and the maintenance of carbon stocks or tree diversity in a Mexican tropical dry forest. Trade-offs between pairs of services were assessed by identifying their efficiency frontiers at both site and landscape scales. We also estimated service outcomes under current and hypothetical land-management conditions. We found stark trade-offs between fodder and carbon stocks and between fodder and tree species richness at the site scale. At the landscape scale, the efficiency frontier was concave, with a much less pronounced trade-off in the fodder-species richness case. Our estimates of current service supply levels showed a reduction of 18-21% for C stock and 41-43% for fodder biomass, relative to the maximum feasible values along the efficiency frontier. Choice of the optimum management strategy to reduce such inefficiency depended on deforestation level: secondary forest regeneration was most suitable when deforestation is low, whereas increased fodder productivity in the pastures is best when deforestation is high. Pasture enrichment with forage trees and secondary forest growth are potential management alternatives for achieving sustainability given the range of enabling ecological factors and to balance ecological and social sustainability given the requirements and preferences of local stakeholders. Given that analogous trade-offs are found across the tropics, this work contributes to reconciling tropical forest maintenance and its use for sustainable rural livelihoods.

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Browsing by Subject "Cattle"

Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II (DRB3) Genetic Diversity in Spanish Morucha and Colombian Normande Cattle Compared to Taurine and Zebu Populations ﻿

Prevalencia de Mycoplasma spp., en fincas lecheras del altiplano Boyacense (Colombia) ﻿

Strategies for reducing methane emissions from ruminants ﻿

Trade-offs between ecosystem services and alternative pathways toward sustainability in a tropical dry forest region ﻿

Envíos recientes

Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II (DRB3) Genetic Diversity in Spanish Morucha and Colombian Normande Cattle Compared to Taurine and Zebu Populations

Prevalencia de Mycoplasma spp., en fincas lecheras del altiplano Boyacense (Colombia)

Strategies for reducing methane emissions from ruminants

Trade-offs between ecosystem services and alternative pathways toward sustainability in a tropical dry forest region

Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II (DRB3) Genetic Diversity in Spanish Morucha and Colombian Normande Cattle Compared to Taurine and Zebu Populations

Prevalencia de Mycoplasma spp., en fincas lecheras del altiplano Boyacense (Colombia)

Strategies for reducing methane emissions from ruminants

Trade-offs between ecosystem services and alternative pathways toward sustainability in a tropical dry forest region