Evaluación del halo de inhibición de la planta Otholobium mexicanum frente a Staphylococcuss aureaus ATCC 25923
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Ramírez Romero, Vanessa | 2019
Over time it has been observed that bacteria are increasingly resistant to antibiotics due to indiscriminate use and the shortage of compounds or drugs capable of overcoming the effectiveness, thus generating resistance to the treatments established since the bacteria have several mechanisms that give it the way to inactivate, expel or change the molecules that today are the first line of defense against these, therefore, it becomes evident a clear need to seek new alternatives that are effective when it comes to combat said bacteria. For example, studies conducted with Campylobacter spp. in Colombia where resistance to fluoroquinolones and other compounds has been observed. In addition, there are numerous reports in the world of the resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to several molecules. Bacteria act against antibiotics or compounds through mechanisms such as genomic variability, enzymatic inactivation, alteration of the bacterial membrane, changes in membrane permeability, alteration of the ribosomal target, among others. Due to said bacterial resistance, it has been decided to seek new treatment alternatives. In developing countries one of the alternatives to treat diseases or conditions that harm both animals and humans is understood as traditional medicine where according to the World Health Organization reports that in Colombia is used by 40% (Bussmannet al., 2011) as well as developing countries it is reported that it has been used in 80%.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial properties of the plant described for the first time in 1990 by JW Grimes, Otholobium mexicanum, against the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. To carry out this objective the plant was collected in the village of Cerinza Boyacá in which it is located in the north of the department at a height of 2,960 meters above sea level, Latitude north 5 ° 56' 52,911 ", West longitude of 72 ° 56' 24,241".
As for the methodology, the traditional method of drying and maceration was carried out, after this an extract of the plant based on ethanol was made, 1 gram of the extract was taken and 8 dilutions were made; both the pure extract and the dilutions, the positive control (clindamycin) and the negative controls (distilled water and ethanol) were impregnated in sensitives generating three repetitions of each and were fitted in Petri dishes where the S. aureus bacterium was grown . To obtain the results, the diameter of the inhibition halo measured in centimeters was taken into account, keeping in mind the three repetitions.
After this, the analysis of the data was carried out by means of a completely random statistical method where it was obtained that the O. mexicanum plant achieved inhibitory effects of S. aureus ATCC 25923 bacteria both in the pure extract and in the 8 dilutions carried out, where the dilution 1 approached the range of inhibition halo obtained by the positive control in this case the clindamycin in 88.1% and this is attributed to its perfusion capacity in the agar.
Finally, it is concluded that the plant known as Ruchica has the ability to inhibit the growth and spread of S. aureus ATCC 25923 bacteria, which is why it is considered a good alternative for use as an antimicrobial.
LEER