Caracterización de los sistemas productivos de café en Nariño, Colombia
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Criollo Escobar, Hernando | 2016-01
The aim of this research was to characterize the coffee pro-duction systems in ecotopes 220A and 221A, classification established by the National Coffee Growers Federation, in the department of Nariño. In each of these ecotopes the coffee production systems located at less than 1500 meters above sea level, between 1501 and 1800m and above 1800m were studied. Variables related to the productions system were evaluated through surveys of 159 growers, taken randomly from a sampling frame of 16767 coffee production units. These variables were subjected to multiple correspondence analysis and hierarchical classification. The ecotope 220A is characterized by having good access roads, coffee planta-tions younger than six years, comprising areas from one to three hectares. The coffee of this ecotope is associated with orange and guamos trees. The ecotope 221A, has good ac-cess roads, the coffee plantations are associated with fruit trees, mainly bananas and cooking bananas. Results showed that 9.2% of the crops are grown without shade. Fertilization and pest control are principally made by chemical means. In both ecotopos, most producers fertilize without knowing soil analyses results; in the area predominate coffee crops grown in associations, in no apparent order, which would manage shade levels.
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